The Dangers of Racial Profiling - 625 Words

â€Å"In 2005, a study analyzing data accumulated statewide in Texas reveals disproportionate traffic ceases and searches of African Americans and Hispanics, even though law enforcement authorities were more liable to find contraband on Whites.† (The Reality of Racial Profiling) The utilization of personal characteristics or comportment patterns to make generalizations about a person is called racial profiling. Throughout time, the utilization of race by law enforcement agencies in their policing activities has received considerable attention across the nation. The 4th amendment right that one has as an American, which is protecting against unreasonable search and seizure, is becoming contravened; one reason for the way one looks. The U.S. Supreme Court has held that racial profiling violates the constitutional requirement that all persons be accorded equal protection of the law, but it is still occurring in our society. Racial Profiling has caused the violation of our rights whether it maybe from a terry stop that was originated for the case Terry vs. Ohio, stop and frisk, racial vehicle stops, and the Support Our Law Enforcement and Safe Neighborhoods Act also known as Arizona SB 1070. In October of the year 1963, two strangers were visually perceived on a corner by Cleveland Police Department detective Martin McFadden Cleveland, Ohio. Officer McFadden stated that he saw the men pausing and staring suspiciously inside the same store window and both were seen making multipleShow MoreRelatedProfling Vs Racial Profiling848 Words   |  4 PagesRecently there have been many issues concerning wrongful searches and police brutality in the criminal justice system. Cries for racial equality and social justice have been heard from across the nation. Profiling and stereotyping are generally seen as almost the same concept, but this is not the case. Specifically, criminal profiling is defined as â€Å"the act or process of extrapolating information about a person based on known traits or tendencies,† according to Merriam-Webster Dictionary. In contrastRead MoreRacial Profiling Is The Root Of Dysfunction1513 Words   |  7 PagesRacial Profiling is the Root of Dysfunc tion in Society The fear of the other races creates the false sense for the need for racial profiling, which causes dysfunction in society. We naturally fear danger and our fear one event creates causes a lasting impression about the people of color (POC) to make oneself feel safer. Due to the fact that most people of high power are white men, they typically are protected from discrimination with their supremacy and social position. However, POC do not haveRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Racial Profiling1046 Words   |  5 PagesSection One: A social problem in the U.S that I will be discussing is racial profiling. Racial profiling has been a method that polices use to target suspicious individuals based on the stereotypes of their race, and I believe it is an immoral tactic. I never knew what racial profiling was until I was a senior year in high school and learned how injustice it was. I was disappointed I was not aware of this procedure, because this violates an individual’s physical appearance, and in the United StatesRead MoreRacial Profiling By Scott Johnson945 Words   |  4 Pages According to Scott Johnson, â€Å"racial profiling is the use of race or ethnicity as grounds for suspecting someone of having committed an offense† (Scott Johnson). The United States Supreme Court has ruled that racial profiling violates the constitutional requirement that all persons should be accorded equal protection of the law. However, is this requirement defensible in public policy? It has been proven in previou s research studies that racial profiling, if applied correctly, can be a useful defensibleRead MoreRacial Profiling Is Unfair, Ineffective, And Dangerous1467 Words   |  6 PagesIn today’s society we face racial profiling every day. People judge people based on the color of their skin. A store owner assumes it’s a Hispanic that stole. A police officer pulls over mainly African Americans for traffic violations. These are all examples of racial profiling. According to oxforddictionaries.com the definition of racial profiling is: The use of race or ethnicity as grounds for suspecting someone of having committed an offense. Racial profiling is wrong because it is unfair, ineffectiveRead MoreRacial Discrimination And Racial Profiling1524 Words   |  7 Pages In our society today, racial discrimination and inequality continues to be an issue. Regardless of the advancements we make in our society in terms of race, discrimination is something that can not simply be erased. The conflict with discrimination is evident when we look at the issue of racial profiling. Racial profiling refers to the treatment of an individual based on their race or ethnicity (Statistics of Racial Profiling 1). It is often a tool being used by law enforcement when deciding toRead MoreLaw Enforcement Today773 Words   |  4 PagesToday’s law enforcement officers are faced with difficult challenging issues. Being trained efficiently is most important so they know how to respond to the many different issues. According to Schmalleger (2011), corruption, on duty dangers, deadly force, and racial profiling are just some issues today’s law enforcement has to deal with. Multicultural society is one of the main challenges that police officers face on a day to day bases. To â€Å"protect and serve† is the number one duty of law enforcementRead MoreThe Immigration And The Rule Of Law Essay1561 Words   |  7 Pagesbyproducts of racial profiling in America. Racial profiling is a common occurrence in the United States. In an article called Racial profiling - separate and unequal keeping the minorities in line - the role of law enforcement in America, it specifically talks about racial profiling in the police force. The article expresses that racial profiling is one of the most serious, enduring, and divisive human rights violations in the United States. April Walker has gone more into detail about racial profilingRead MorePolice Brutality and Profiling1196 Words   |  5 Pagesof their house in the morning, others might say every officer knows what they were signing up for so they should not be pitied. Police officers face dangers everyday but profiling and racially motivated brutality is not justifiable and officers should be severely punished for committing these crimes. To begin with police officers faces more dangers than the average American citizen, â€Å"generally police are about three times as likely to be killed on the job as the average American† (Blako). â€Å"SomeRead MoreBlack Lives Matter Is An International Activist Movement1693 Words   |  7 Pagesas police brutality, racial profiling, racism, segregation, discrimination etc. â€Å"Racial Profiling† refers to the discriminatory practice by law enforcement officials that targets individuals on suspicion of crime based on an individual s race, ethnicity, religion or national origin (â€Å"Racial Profiling: Definition†). Although this topic affects a wide array of communities it still pertains to citizens of color.Citizens rely on the police to protect them from any harm or danger and to promote fairness

Packaging and Labeling of Coca Cola Essay Example For Students

Packaging and Labeling of Coca Cola Essay Discuss packaging and labeling decision for any product of your choice PACKAGING AND LABELING DECISION FOR COCO COLA At present Coca Cola is the market leader in soft drink industry. There are various factor which have contributed to the growth of Coca Cola. Packaging Labeling are such factors. Packaging of Coca Cola as marketing tool SELF SERVICE : An increasing number of the product are sold on a self service basis. The effective package must perform many of the sales tasks: a) Attract attention b) Described product features c) Create consumer confidence ) Make a favorable overall impression CONSUMER AFFULENCE : Rising consumer affluence for Coca Cola is making the consumers pay a little more for the convenience, appearance, dependability and prestige of better packages. COMPANY AND BRAND IMAGE : Packaging of Coca Cola contribute to the instant recognition of the company or brand. INNOVATION OPPORTUNITY : Innovative packaging of Coca Cola has brought large benefits to consumers and profits to producers. Packaging of Coca Cola is achieving a number objectives. 1) Identifies the brand 2) It conveys descriptive and persuasive information ) It facilitates product transportation protection 4) Assist at home storage 5) Aid product consumption To achieve the marketing objectives for the brand and satisfy the desires of consumers, marketers must choose the aesthetic and functional component of packaging correctly. Aesthetic considerations relate to a packages size and shape, material, color, text and graphics. For example Coca Cola are available in bottles of different sizes ( 200 ML, 300 ML, 500 ML, 2 Litre Bottle). They are also available in different shapes, materials ( Plastic, Tin Glass ) etc.Functionally structural design is crucial. For example Coca Cola bottles are easy to hold and easy to open. After the Coca Cola packaging are designed it must be tested. Engineering tests ensure that the package stands up under normal conditions; visual test that the script is legible and the colors harmonious; Dealer tests dealer find the packages attaractive and easy to handle; and the consumer tests, that buyers will respond favourably. Eye tracking by hidden cameras can assess how much consumers notice and examine packages

Nursing Patients Notes Essay Sample free essay sample

I. Describe the function of the undermentioned endocrines in the formation of piss. specifically explain the stimulation for their release. actions ( decrease/increase GFR ) and whether or non dilute/concentrated urine consequences ) : ADH ( Vasopressin ) – ADH has an antidiuretic action that prevents the production of dilute piss. Formation of urine = in the DCT and roll uping canals. H2O motion out of the organic structure is regulated by ADH. Stimulus for their release = lowered blood force per unit area or low salt or H2O concentration in the blood will excite the release of ADH from the posterior hypophysis. Actions ( decrease/increase GFR ) = increased ADH would diminish the GFR and a lessening in ADH would increase GFR. Dilute/Concentrated Urine Results = if there is a high sum of ADH. H2O moves out and will bring forth concentrated piss and if ADH is absent H2O will non be reabsorbed and will bring forth dilute piss. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Patients Notes Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Renin-Angiotesin-Aldosterone System Stimulation for their release = if blood force per unit area drops dramatically this will trip renin secernment from the JG cells. renin acts on angiotensinogen to organize angiotonin I. angiotonin I is converted to angiotensin II hence angiotensin II causes mean arterial force per unit area to lift and stimulates the adrenal cerebral mantle to let go of aldosterone. As a consequence. both systemic and glomerular hydrostatic force per unit area rises. Actions ( decrease/increase GFR ) = the motorial arteriole constricts. coercing blood to construct up in the glomerulus. which maintains the GFR. The activation of the RAAS causes a lessening in GFR. Dilute/Concentrated Urine Results = activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System will ensue in concentrated urine consequences. Atrial Naturetic Pepetide ( ANP ) Hormone Stimulation for their release = big addition in blood volume promotes release of ANP. Actions = consequence is more urinary end product. less blood volume and decreased blood force per unit area. GFR will increase with the release of ANP. Dilute/Concentrated Urine Results = piss will be more dilute. II. Diabetic patients ( with hyperglycaemia ) . typically have symptoms of polyuria. polydypsia and polyphagia. Define these footings and explicate why these patients are polyuric and polydypsic. Polyuria is the inordinate secernment of piss. Polydypsia causes blood hyperosmolarity. this status activates the thirst centre in hypothalamus and makes the capable drink inordinate H2O. Polyphagia is inordinate feeding. Patients that are polyuric can hold diabetes. diabetes mellitus. premenstrual syndrome. urinary rocks. Common causes are bladder conditions. congestive bosom failure. cystitis. or generalized anxiousness upset. Uncommon causes causes include anorexia nervosa. interstitial cystitis. and sickle-cell anemia. Rare causes can be different types of malignant neoplastic disease. cushing’s syndrome and pituitary tumours. Patients that are polydypsic can perchance be diagnosed with diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus. Often as one of the initial symptoms. and in those who fail to take their anti-diabetic medicines or whose doses have become unequal. It can besides be caused by a alteration in the osmolality of the extracellular fluids of the organic structure. hypokalemia. decreased blood volume and other conditions that create a H2O shortage. This is normally a consequence of osmotic diuresis. Polydipsia is besides a symptom of anticholinergic toxic condition. Zinc is besides known to cut down symptoms of polydipsia by doing the organic structure to absorb fluids more expeditiously ( decrease of diarrhoea induces irregularity ) and it causes the organic structure to retain more Na ; therefore a Zn lack can be a possible cause. Major tranquilizers can hold side effects such as dry oral cavity that may do the patient feel thirsty. III. A 45-year-old patient was admitted to the infirmary with a diagnosing of cirrhosis of the liver. He is thin and malnourished. His venters is really big due to an accretion of fluid in the abdominal pit. His lower appendages are really conceited. A. Explain why these alterations have occurred. B. The nurse is detecting him closely for the possibility of GI hemorrhage. Why is this considered a possible complication? C. Explain the consequence of his conditions on his GFR and why. MODULE IV-TOPIC 2- DISCUSSIONS ( GRADED ) : ACID-BASE/pH-BALANCE For full recognition. your engagement is require in at LEAST 3 ( Out of 4 ) of the clinical scenerios. Good fortune this hebdomad as you prepare for Module IV Lecture Exam with these constructs. 1. Gossip. an undergraduate. has normal PCO2 degrees. high H+ degrees. low pH and hydrogen carbonate degrees. What type of perturbation is Gossip enduring from and what might do this? If his PCO2 were elevated. would your reply alteration? Explain. Gossip is sing metabolic acidosis. Metabolic acidosis focuses on reduced hydrogen carbonate and decreased pH degrees. Common causes are loss of hydrogen carbonate due to diarrhea. accretion of acid ( ketonemia ) . and nephritic disfunction. Yes. if PCO2 degrees were elevated but merely if she were to go on to hold low pH degrees. Gossip would most probably be sing respiratory acidosis because that is caused from addition PCO2 and decreased pH. 2. Diabetess mellitus produces many homeostatic instabilities. including acidosis. The pH instability is due to ketoacidosis. which consequences from inordinate accretion of by-products of fat metamorphosis. as the organic structure can non run into energy demands from saccharide metamorphosis. Sally is a adolescent diabetic who sometimes Rebels by non taking her insulin. Her female parent takes her to the infirmary because her external respiration has become deep and panting. Explain Sally’s take a breathing form. What other compensatory responses may happen and would they happen earlier or later than the respiratory response? I think Sally is sing metabolic acidosis. and the respiratory response is hyperventilation which increases loss of CO2 hence the ground she is take a breathing profoundly and panting. Besides. if compensation is complete. pH will be within normal scope but HCO3- will be low. 3. Mary. a nursing pupil. has been caring for burn patients. She notices that they systematically show elevated degrees of K in their piss and admirations why. What would you state her? Patients who have Burnss will lose a profuse sum of H2O. going hypovolaemic. every bit good as electrolytes and go dehydrated rapidly. The organic structure wants to seek and keep homeostasis so the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system will trip to conserve every bit much Na as possible ; for every three Na ions withheld in the system. the organic structure pumps two K ions out into urine elimination. The organic structure is seeking to keep on to more Na so there is more potassium being excreted in the piss. 4. Why does K concentration rise in patients with acidosis? What is this called? What effects does it hold? MODULE V-TOPIC 1- DISCUSSIONS ( GRADED ) : Development 1. Describe the function of Corpus luteum: 1A. station ovulation and 1B. station nidation ( if gestation occurred ) 2. A 25-year-old adult female stated that it had been six hebdomads since her last menstruations. Her gestation trial was positive. By the 6th month of gestation. she felt irregular contractions of the womb but no complications were present. After nine months. a healthy. 7 pound. . 3 oz miss was delivered with no complications. Breast eating was planned. 2A. What hormonal constituent is the footing of gestation trials? 2B. What prevented the womb from originating labour before the designated bringing clip? 2C. Describe the positive feedback systems that occur during labour and bringing 2D. What maintains milk production after birth? 2E. Is it possible to acquire pregnant during the clip of chest eating? Explain your reply. [ pic ] [ movie ] [ movie ]

William Shakespeares tragedy Antony and Cleopatra †Theatre Essay

William Shakespeares tragedy Antony and Cleopatra – Theatre Essay Free Online Research Papers William Shakespeare’s tragedy Antony and Cleopatra Theatre Essay William Shakespeare’s tragedy Antony and Cleopatra tells a story of a scandalous affair between the Roman General Antony and the Egyptian Queen Cleopatra, and encompasses the battles between western and eastern cultures and between reason and passion that eventually leads to the characters death. We can see several of the plays important themes, character revelations, and plot developments within a single scene. The scene that I will be examining is Act II Sc v, in which Cleopatra, who has been separated from Antony while he travels back to Rome, is amusing herself with her servants Charmian and Mardian. As she thinks about Antony, likening him to a fish that has been caught, a messenger arrives from Italy. Cleopatra assumes, because of the messenger’s unhappy expression, that Antony is dead. She threatens the messenger with his life if he brings such bad news. Before the messenger can fulfill his duties, Cleopatra allows her passion to reach a frenzied pace. She threatens him several more times until he tells her that Antony has been married to Octavia. At this news, Cleopatra strikes the messenger several times, each time asking him to repent what he has said. The messenger, however, insists that he must tell her the truth, and she admits that it is below her station to treat a menial servant so viciously. The scene ends with Cleopatra sending the messenger back to Italy to find out certain information about Octavia including how old she is, her disposition, and the color of her hair. Throughout Shakespeare’s Antony and Cleopatra different themes are woven through the play. Several of these themes are displayed in Act II sc. v. Before we can adequately examine this scene we must first understand these themes. These themes are the clash between East and West, the war of the sexes and Reason vs. Passion. The clash between East and West is a theme that is essential in the development of the plot. Throughout the play we are given perceptions concerning the difference between Western and Eastern cultures. These two cultures are characterized by those who inhabit them and their actions. For example, the West holds Caesar and the other triumvirs, Antony excluded. They represent the rigidity of Roman law and order and the sense of honor that moves their actions. The East is inhabited by Cleopatra, who, through her theatrics, represents the passionate flow of the east. Even though we are given both positive and negative characteristics of the East and West, Shakespeare does not choose one in triumph over the other. Caesar’s West does in the end dominate Cleopatra’s east. Yet, although the land is conquered, the passion is not, as Cleopatra takes it with her after her suicide. Another theme present in this scene is the war of the sexes which serves as an example of the differences between East and West and the degradation of Antony’s sense of duty, honor and manhood. Throughout the play we see Cleopatra vie for dominance over Antony. Cleopatra uses her beauty and sexuality as a tool to win Antony for herself, and in turn destroy his reasoning. As Philo and Demetrius remark in Act I, sc i, the Romans view her as â€Å"gipsy† or a â€Å"wrangling queen.† But we must be reminded that she is not a whore, but a powerful woman who has already captured one powerful Roman and now sets to hold another. Just as an actress would, she elevates her passion, grief and outrage to captivate her audience. Research Papers on William Shakespeare’s tragedy Antony and Cleopatra - Theatre EssayHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionWhere Wild and West MeetRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsHip-Hop is ArtArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Bringing Democracy to AfricaBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XMind TravelThe Spring and Autumn

What is a Discourse Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

What is a Discourse Community - Essay Example What is a Discourse Community? John Swales was seen to ascribe a set of six distinguishing characteristics to help establish and define discourse communities, however, the most important distinguishing characteristic was that first, the community have a broadly agreed upon set of common goals. Secondly, the community needs to have an established mechanism via which its members are able to easily communicate among themselves. Third, an effective discourse community is should be able to effectively use its communication mechanism in providing feedback and information; this may also be seen to serve a relatively secondary goal of aiding the community in realizing its goals. Discourse communities tend to share certain expectations pertaining to the appropriate use of form, function of texts and topics. Fifth, discourse communities generally tend to establish a fundamentally specific lexis an example of which may include the development of specialized technical terminologies. Finally, discourse communities are setup ha ving a given threshold level, this level ensures that the members of a given discourse community have a certain basic degree of discourse expertise. Before one can be able to join any given discourse community, they should essentially be able to sufficiently be able to exhibit a certain given degree of knowledge structures. This knowledge of structures that members re required to show an understanding of is seen to generally relate to not only formal schemata such as communication between members, goals of the community and genre convention, it is also seen to be related to the world (Zhu, 35). The School Football Discourse Community Being a student at our school, the importance of football in the school cannot be over emphasized in any way. The first time I attended one of the school’s football games, I was totally taken in by the excitement of the crowd that sought to cheer on the team to victory. Though out the game, it was not uncommon to hear certain calls being called into play. The coach constantly called for plays using terms such as â€Å"13-17-2-8 Action† or â€Å"4 to 6-6-3†. Although these calls appeared gibberish to a bystander like myself, the football players clearly understood, what they were being instructed to do as was evidenced by their changing of their formation as well as play. This was seen to result in very positive results for the football team. Wherever a play did very well or happened to score, the players would quickly run to the player and jump all over each other in what to me seemed to be a painful experience. I constantly asked myself exactly how one could possibly score if by doing so, one essentially risked having the weight of almost half of the team piling on himself. However, my unvoiced pitch-side concerns did not essentially seem to matter to them. After the brief wild moment of celebration, the members of the team would exchange a special handshake with each other. I often found myself envying the close relationship and synergy between the team members. However, my flimsy attempts to qualify to join the elite team of about 24 members in a school with thousands of students met a disastrous ending and I left the field half feeling that I had essentially made a great fool of myself at the tryouts. The members of this discourse community also tend to constantly hang around each other at school discussing football matters and plans so as to help improve their game, they also commonly discuss the strategies that they plan to employ so as to beat

Quantitative Methods and Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Quantitative Methods and Analysis - Essay Example Information can be gathered from huge number of people in a very less time, Questionnaires are also considered as feasible, encompass low financial resources and collects immense amount of knowledge in a lesser time. It is suitable for variety of topics relating to variety of fields for variety of jobs. Questionnaires are also considered as cost-effective as to gather and pool the information has nowadays become much easier due to readily available computer software (DÃ ¶rnyei & Taguchi, 2010). The primary reason of unreliability of questionnaires is that many respondents do not have research sense and are unmotivated as they feel that it would not benefit them from in any way therefore they do not prefer to provide the correct answers which lead to the unreliability and misleading information. The researcher has no opportunity to correct the mistake of the respondents. Respondents often forget or hide the true information intentionally or unintentionally. Sometimes respondents even don’t know the exact response towards the questions. If the overall impression of a person towards the topic is positive he will less likely provide answers in a negative manner (DÃ ¶rnyei & Taguchi, 2010). The study of Olivero & Lunt (2004) used interview technique as part of data collection tool to compare the privacy and willingness in terms of e-commerce exchanges. Long qualitative interviews were held for participants using repeated e-mail exchanges. Interview data were combined with insights from the literatures on self-disclosure, sociology, and consumer research in a grounded theory analysis. In a grounded analysis of theory, based on self-disclosure, consumer research and sociology, the interview data was gathered in light of previous studies. Initially an introductory e-mail was sent to participants elaborating the purpose of research and the interview process. Before conducting the

Summary of Human Resource Development Essay Example for Free

Summary of Human Resource Development Essay HRD OVERVIEW POSITIONING The definition of HRD is an integrated and holistic, conscious and proactive approach to changing work-related knowledge and behaviour, using a wide range of learning strategies and techniques in order to improve individual effectiveness and productivity. HRD is highly required in every organization to achieve their goals. HRD also defined as the capacity to incorporate learning into behaviour. HRD scope related to get the right people on the job, retain the right people in organization, and develop them in order to improve individual effectiveness. Furthermore, the primary HRD function aims to improve individual, group, and organizational effectiveness. It involves in training and education, organization development, and career development. Employability is the willingness and ability to recognize personal strength and develop self, which acquires new skills, knowledge, expertise to improve performance and effectiveness for both current and future job. In order to support the process of continuous personal development and lifelong learning of employees, it is important for HRD function to give attention for learning and with how it might be managed. B. INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES WITHIN ORGANIZATION Every person is fundamentally different from everyone else, thus managers must recognize that these differences exist and attempt to understand them. One of the HR department task’s is to identify and well known the existing employees so that they can place the employee in the fit/appropriate job/position, groupwork, in the organization. Therefore, better selection and recruitment process is needed to avoid errors in the placement of an employee. Recruitment and selection process aims to find the right person for the right job by analyzing the persons personality. There are big five types of personality traits agreeableness, conscientiousness, negative emotionality, extraversion and openness. These aspects have taken into account in the recruitment and selection process. These types of personality do not only give the benefit to the person itself but also to the organization. As we know that poor recruitment process can result in higher rates of turnover, reduced performance effectiveness, lower job satisfaction and reduces work motivation. Nowadays, Emotional Intelligence (EQ) is believe as an important tool to recruitment and selection process. Emotional Intelligence (EQ) is the extent to which people are self-aware, can manage their emotions can motivate themselves, express empathy for others, and process social skills. Human resources is important and valuable asset for every company. Many organizations improve their employees competencies to achieve the company goals. Most of companies are willing to spend a lot of money to develop their employees knowledge and skills. There are several ways to develop employee skills by conducting workshops, seminars, inhouse training, tailor made training, off job training and studying in the higher level of education in local or foreign schools. The 7 habits of highly effective people (Stephen Covey) are: be proactive, begin with the end in mind, put first thing first, think win-win, seek first to understand then to be understood, synergize, and sharpen the saw. C. INTERCULTURAL MANAGEMENT – CULTURAL AWARENESS Culture is the collective programming of the mind which distinguishes the members of one group from another (Geert Hofstede). Culture is not static but is dynamic. Another definition of the culture is the uniqeness and trust that attach in one group that could be distinguished from another and become the habit which implemented in the daily life. In the shipping and transport organization, we could see many people from different nations work together. Intercultural is always coloring every company in the world. Culture shock is the confused feelings one experiences when confronted with a large number of new and unfamiliar people or situations. To prevent a cultural shock, we must know why people do certain things. To avoid a culture shock we need to develop cultural sensitivity. Furthermore about intercultural differences there are Collectivism versus Individualism. This is a social theory favouring freedom of action for individuals over collective or state control. The big different between Individual and Collective Societies is the intensity of ties among individual it self. D. EMPLOYEE DEVELOPMENT MOTIVATION LEARNING THEORY Motivation is the set of forces that leads people to behave in particular ways. The objective for managers is to motivate people to behave in ways that are in the organization’s best interest. One of the famous theories of motivation is â€Å"The Dual-Structure theory† by Herzberg. Herzberg theory identifies motivation factors, which affect satisfaction, and hygiene factors, which determine dissatisfaction. Motivation factors are intrinsic to the work itself and include factors such as achievement, recognition, work itself, responsibility, advancement and growth. Hygene factors are extrinsic to the work itself and include factors such as company policy, supervision, relationship with superior, work conditions, status, and job security. Learning is the process whereby individuals acquire knowledge, skills and attitudes through emperience, reflection, study or instruction. There are three learning styles models but the famous one is learning cycle model by Kolb. There are four styles of learning, they are: divergers, assimilators, convergers and accomodators. E. ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT LEARNING ORGANIZATION Organization development is the process of planned change and improvement of the organization through application of knowledge of the behavioral sciences. There are three definition of learning organization but the famous one is Senge’s definition, learning organization is organizations where people continually expand their capacity to create the results they truly desire, where new and expansive patterns of thinking are nurtured, where collective aspiration is set free and where people are continually learning to see the whole together. F. HUMAN ELEMENT IN SHIPPING Human Element in Shipping correlated with Human Error. Human element according to the International Maritime Organization is a complex multi-dimensional issue that affects marine safety, security and marine environmental protection involving the entire spectrum of human activities performed by ship’s crews, shore based management, regulatory bodies and others. Human error is sometimes described as being one of the following incorrect decisions, an improperly performed action or improper lack of action. Human element is influenced by some factors, they are: a. People factors b. Ship factors c. Working and living condition d. Organization onboard e. Shore side management f. External influence and management The above factors could influence every seafarer during his work onboard the vessel. These elements will deliver good performance of seafarer or in contrary, these could result in bad performance of seafarer that would cause much impact to the people, animal and environment. We all know that many accidents on the vessels caused by the human error. That is why HRM and HRD play important roles to reduce this issue by allocating the right person in the right job. The causes of maritime incidents can be linked to a number of contributory factors: a. Poor ship or system design; b. Equipment failure through poor maintenance; c. Fatigue; d. Ineffective communication; e. Lack of attention to rules, regulations, and procedures; f. Inadequate training in the operation of equipments; g. Unawareness of the vulnerabilities of electronic systems; h. Complacency. G. CONCLUSSION One of the most valuable assets in a company or organization is human resources. By having good quality of human resources the organization will be able to running well. To obtaining good quality of human resource in the organization, in the beginning management has to make sure the good quality process of recruitment, so that management can place the right people for the right position. Furthermore, one the HR department responsible is to developed human resource through training, learning even to higher level school. Through good human resource organization can avoid errors or failures in the company. To develop human resource requires considerable cost, therefore budget problem often happen in many organizations, moreover the level of success for this development program will not be known in an uncertain manner. Finally, human resources development is very important for people and organization to achieve the company goals.